---
title: There was a splash and a trample, and the rush of running water, and… — The Jungle Book · tree and pragmatics
description: There was a splash and a trample, and the rush of running water, and Kala Nag strode through the bed of a river, feeling his way at each step. Who acts: splash, Kala. A sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 17, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every cl
---

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# The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 17, sentence 43

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There was a splash and a trample, and the rush of running water, and Kala Nag strode through the bed of a river, feeling his way at each step.

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**Who acts:** splash, Kala · **What happens:** be, run, stride, feel, rush · **To what, where:** rush, bed, way, running water

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This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 17. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (splash, Kala), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg236:17:43
# text = There was a splash and a trample, and the rush of running water, and Kala Nag strode through the bed of a river, feeling his way at each step.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	splash	splash	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	trample	trample	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	rush	rush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	running	run	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	14	amod	_	_
14	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
17	Kala	Kala	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
18	Nag	Nag	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	flat	_	_
19	strode	stride	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
20	through	through	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	bed	bed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
27	feeling	feel	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	19	conj	_	_
28	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	29	nmod:poss	_	_
29	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obj	_	_
30	at	at	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	32	det	_	_
32	step	step	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | a splash and a trample | the rush of running water |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **run** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **stride** | past | Kala |  |  | the bed of a river |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through bed=Trajectory |
| 4 | **feel** | gerund | Kala *not said here* | Kala's way |  |  |  | at each step | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent way=Theme at step=Location |
| 5 | **rush** |  |  | running water |  |  |  |  | nom rush «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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