---
title: Then the trees closed up again, and they went on and up, with trumpe… — The Jungle Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Then the trees closed up again, and they went on and up, with trumpetings and crashings, and the sound of breaking branches on every side of them. Who acts: trees. A sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 17, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every claus
---

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# The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 17, sentence 53

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Then the trees closed up again, and they went on and up, with trumpetings and crashings, and the sound of breaking branches on every side of them.

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**Who acts:** trees · **What happens:** close up, go, break · **To what, where:** trees, sound

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This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 17. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (trees), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg236:17:53
# text = Then the trees closed up again, and they went on and up, with trumpetings and crashings, and the sound of breaking branches on every side of them.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	closed	close	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	up	up	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	again	again	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
11	on	on	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	up	up	ADV	RB	_	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	trumpetings	trumpeting	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	crashings	crashing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	breaking	break	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	25	amod	_	_
25	branches	branch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nmod	_	_
26	on	on	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	28	det	_	_
28	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **close up** | participle · passive |  | the trees |  |  | then; again |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **go** | past | trees *= tree* | the sound of breaking branches on every side of branches |  |  |  | with trumpetings and crashings | vn help-72.1-2 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent with trumpeting=Beneficiary |
| 3 | **break** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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