---
title: Toomai knew that so long as he lay still on Kala Nag’s neck nothing… — The Jungle Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Toomai knew that so long as he lay still on Kala Nag’s neck nothing would happen to him, for even in the rush and scramble of a Keddah drive a wild elephant does not reach up with his trunk and drag a man off the neck of a tame elephant. Who acts: Toomai, rush. A sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rud
---

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# The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 17, sentence 65

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Toomai knew that so long as he lay still on Kala Nag’s neck nothing would happen to him, for even in the rush and scramble of a Keddah drive a wild elephant does not reach up with his trunk and drag a man off the neck of a tame elephant.

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**Who acts:** Toomai, rush · **What happens:** know, lie, happen, drive, not reach up, drag · **To what, where:** that, Toomai, nothing, wild elephant, man, neck

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This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 17. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Toomai, rush), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg236:17:65
# text = Toomai knew that so long as he lay still on Kala Nag’s neck nothing would happen to him, for even in the rush and scramble of a Keddah drive a wild elephant does not reach up with his trunk and drag a man off the neck of a tame elephant.
1	Toomai	Toomai	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	obj	_	_
4	so	so	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	2	advmod	_	_
6	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	lay	lie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	advcl	_	_
9	still	still	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
11	Kala	Kala	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nmod:poss	_	_
12	Nag	Nag	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	’s	's	PART	POS	_	11	case	_	_
14	neck	neck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	17	obl	_	_
16	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
17	happen	happen	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
18	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
21	for	for	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
22	even	even	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
23	in	in	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	rush	rush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	nsubj	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	scramble	scramble	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	conj	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	Keddah	Keddah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	_
31	drive	drive	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	acl	_	_
32	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
33	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	_
34	elephant	elephant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obj	_	_
35	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	37	aux	_	_
36	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	37	advmod	_	_
37	reach	reach	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	parataxis	_	_
38	up	up	ADP	RP	_	37	compound:prt	_	_
39	with	with	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
40	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	41	nmod:poss	_	_
41	trunk	trunk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obl	_	_
42	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	43	cc	_	_
43	drag	drag	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	37	conj	_	_
44	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
45	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	obj	_	_
46	off	off	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
47	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	48	det	_	_
48	neck	neck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	obl	_	_
49	of	of	ADP	IN	_	52	case	_	_
50	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	52	det	_	_
51	tame	tame	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	52	amod	_	_
52	elephant	elephant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	48	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
53	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | past | Toomai | that |  |  |  | long *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer that=Stimulus |
| 2 | **lie** | past | Toomai |  |  |  | still |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **happen** | would | Toomai *not said here* |  | Toomai | nothing |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on nothing=Location |
| 4 | **drive** | infinitive | the rush and scramble of a Keddah *not said here* | a wild elephant |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent elephant=Theme |
| 5 | **not** **reach up** | present · do-support | the rush and scramble of a Keddah |  |  |  |  | with Toomai's trunk | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **drag** | infinitive | the rush and scramble of a Keddah *not said here* | a man |  | the neck of a tame elephant |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent man=Theme off neck=Initial\_Location |
| 7 | **scramble** |  |  | a Keddah |  |  |  |  | nom scramble «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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