---
title: He knew that there were elephants all round Kala Nag, and that there… — The Jungle Book · tree and pragmatics
description: He knew that there were elephants all round Kala Nag, and that there was no chance of backing him out of the assembly; so he set his teeth and shivered. Who acts: hustling, elephants, chance. A sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 17, with its dependency tree and t
---

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# The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 17, sentence 75

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He knew that there were elephants all round Kala Nag, and that there was no chance of backing him out of the assembly; so he set his teeth and shivered.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** hustling, elephants, chance · **What happens:** know, be, back, set, shiver · **To what, where:** chance, hustling, assembly, teeth

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 17. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hustling, elephants, chance), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg236:17:75
# text = He knew that there were elephants all round Kala Nag, and that there was no chance of backing him out of the assembly; so he set his teeth and shivered.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
4	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	5	expl	_	_
5	were	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
6	elephants	elephant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
7	all	all	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	round	round	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Kala	Kala	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	Nag	Nag	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
13	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
14	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	15	expl	_	_
15	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
16	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	17	det	_	_
17	chance	chance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
18	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
19	backing	back	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	17	acl	_	_
20	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	obj	_	_
21	out	out	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	assembly	assembly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
26	so	so	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
27	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
28	set	set	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
29	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	30	nmod:poss	_	_
30	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	obj	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
32	shivered	shiver	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | past | hustling |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **be** | past | elephants round Kala |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is a** | past |  | no chance |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **back** | gerund | no chance *not said here* | hustling |  | the assembly |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent he=Theme out assembly=Trajectory |
| 5 | **set** | past | hustling | hustling's teeth |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient tooth=Result |
| 6 | **shiver** | past | hustling *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn body\_internal\_states-40.6 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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