--- title: And the big brown elephant catchers, the trackers and drivers and ro… — The Jungle Book · tree and pragmatics description: And the big brown elephant catchers, the trackers and drivers and ropers, and the men who know all the secrets of breaking the wildest elephants, passed him from one to the other, and they marked his forehead with blood from the breast of a newly killed jungle-cock, to show that he was a forester, i --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/18/36/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Jungle Book](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/) / [The Jungle Book, part 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/18/) / 36 # The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 18, sentence 36 And the big brown elephant catchers, the trackers and drivers and ropers, and the men who know all the secrets of breaking the wildest elephants, passed him from one to the other, and they marked his forehead with blood from the breast of a newly killed jungle-cock, to show that he was a forester, initiated and free of all the jungles. **Who acts:** men, secrets, big brown elephant catchers, elephants, Toomai · **What happens:** know, break, pass, mark, kill, show · **To what, where:** secrets, wildest elephants, Toomai, forehead, breast, forester · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 18. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (men, secrets, big brown elephant catchers, elephants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg236:18:36 # text = And the big brown elephant catchers, the trackers and drivers and ropers, and the men who know all the secrets of breaking the wildest elephants, passed him from one to the other, and they marked his forehead with blood from the breast of a newly killed jungle-cock, to show that he was a forester, initiated and free of all the jungles. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 3 big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 4 brown brown ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 5 elephant elephant NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 compound _ _ 6 catchers catcher NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 7 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 trackers tracker NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 conj _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 11 drivers driver NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 conj _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 13 ropers roper NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 14 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 nsubj _ _ 18 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 19 nsubj _ _ 19 know know VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 acl:relcl _ _ 20 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 22 det:predet _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 secrets secret NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 obj _ _ 23 of of SCONJ IN _ 24 mark _ _ 24 breaking break VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 22 acl _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 26 wildest wild ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 27 amod _ _ 27 elephants elephant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 28 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 29 passed pass VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 30 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 obj _ _ 31 from from ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 32 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 29 obl _ _ 33 to to ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 34 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 35 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 36 , , PUNCT , _ 39 punct _ _ 37 and and CCONJ CC _ 39 cc _ _ 38 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 39 nsubj _ _ 39 marked mark VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 29 conj _ _ 40 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 41 nmod:poss _ _ 41 forehead forehead NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 obj _ _ 42 with with ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 43 blood blood NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 obl _ _ 44 from from ADP IN _ 46 case _ _ 45 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 46 det _ _ 46 breast breast NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 obl _ _ 47 of of ADP IN _ 53 case _ _ 48 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 53 det _ _ 49 newly newly ADV RB _ 50 advmod _ _ 50 killed kill VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 53 amod _ _ 51 jungle jungle NOUN NN Number=Sing 53 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 52 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 51 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 53 cock cock NOUN NN Number=Sing 46 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 54 , , PUNCT , _ 56 punct _ _ 55 to to PART TO _ 56 mark _ _ 56 show show VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 39 parataxis _ _ 57 that that SCONJ IN _ 61 mark _ _ 58 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 61 nsubj _ _ 59 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 61 cop _ _ 60 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 61 det _ _ 61 forester forester NOUN NN Number=Sing 56 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 62 , , PUNCT , _ 63 punct _ _ 63 initiated initiate VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 61 acl _ _ 64 and and CCONJ CC _ 65 cc _ _ 65 free free ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 63 conj _ _ 66 of of ADP IN _ 69 case _ _ 67 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 69 det:predet _ _ 68 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 69 det _ _ 69 jungles jungle NOUN NNS Number=Plur 65 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 70 . . PUNCT . _ 29 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **know** | present | the men | all secrets | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer secret=Stimulus | | 2 | **break** | gerund | all secrets *not said here* | the wildest elephants | | | | | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer elephant=Patient | | 3 | **pass** | past | the big brown elephant catchers and the trackers and drivers and ropers | Toomai | | | | from one to the other | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent he=Theme from one=Initial\_Location | | 4 | **mark** | past | elephants *= elephant* | Toomai's forehead | | the breast of a killed jungle cock | | with blood | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent forehead=Destination with blood=Theme | | 5 | **kill** | participle | | | | | | newly *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | | 6 | **show** | to-infinitive | | | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **is a** | past | Toomai | a forester | | | | | tree rules | | 8 | **initiate** | participle | | a forester *not said here* | | | | | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 35](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/18/35/) - next →: [sentence 37](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/18/37/) - ↑ back to [The Jungle Book, part 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/18/)