---
title: Sometimes there are big guns in the city that speak back, and some o… — The Jungle Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Sometimes there are big guns in the city that speak back, and some of us are killed, and then there is all the more grazing for those that are left. Who acts: big guns, city. A sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 19, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of 
---

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# The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 19, sentence 138

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sometimes there are big guns in the city that speak back, and some of us are killed, and then there is all the more grazing for those that are left.

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**Who acts:** big guns, city · **What happens:** be, speak back, kill, leave · **To what, where:** some, grazing

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This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 19. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (big guns, city), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg236:19:138
# text = Sometimes there are big guns in the city that speak back, and some of us are killed, and then there is all the more grazing for those that are left.
1	Sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	3	advmod	_	_
2	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	3	expl	_	_
3	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	guns	gun	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	speak	speak	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	back	back	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
14	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	18	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	nmod	_	_
17	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux:pass	_	_
18	killed	kill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
21	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	23	advmod	_	_
22	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	23	expl	_	_
23	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	27	cop	_	_
24	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	27	det:predet	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	27	advmod	_	_
27	grazing	grazing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	_
28	for	for	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	those	that	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	27	nmod	_	_
30	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	32	nsubj:pass	_	_
31	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	32	aux:pass	_	_
32	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	29	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **does** | present | big guns in the city |  |  | there |  | sometimes *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **speak back** *speech: other* | present | the city |  |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **kill** | present · passive |  | some |  |  |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 4 | **is a** | present |  | all grazing |  |  |  | for those | tree rules |
| 5 | **leave** | present · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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