---
title: He grew up with the cubs, though they, of course, were grown wolves… — The Jungle Book · tree and pragmatics
description: He grew up with the cubs, though they, of course, were grown wolves almost before he was a child. Who acts: Mowgli. A sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 2, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 2, sentence 53

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He grew up with the cubs, though they, of course, were grown wolves almost before he was a child.

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**Who acts:** Mowgli · **What happens:** grow up, grow, be · **To what, where:** books

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This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mowgli), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg236:2:53
# text = He grew up with the cubs, though they, of course, were grown wolves almost before he was a child.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	up	up	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	cubs	cub	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
8	though	though	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
9	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
14	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	grown	grow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
16	wolves	wolf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	_
17	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
18	before	before	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
19	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
20	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	cop	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow up** | past | Mowgli |  |  |  |  | with the cubs | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **grow** | past · passive |  | books *= book* |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP PP»: subject=Beneficiary wolf=Product |
| 3 | **is** | past | Mowgli |  |  |  | before a child | almost *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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