---
title: Because I was all but your brother in blood, I promise that when I a… — The Jungle Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Because I was all but your brother in blood, I promise that when I am a man among men I will not betray ye to men as ye have betrayed me.” Who acts: I, man. A sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 3, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 3, sentence 127

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Because I was all but your brother in blood, I promise that when I am a man among men I will not betray ye to men as ye have betrayed me.”

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**Who acts:** I, man · **What happens:** be, promise, not betray, betray · **To what, where:** brother, blood, man, ye · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg236:3:127
# text = Because I was all but your brother in blood, I promise that when I am a man among men I will not betray ye to men as ye have betrayed me.”
1	Because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	all	all	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
5	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	advcl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
11	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	promise	promise	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
14	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	18	advmod	_	_
15	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
16	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nsubj	_	_
19	among	among	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nmod	_	_
21	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
22	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
23	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	24	advmod	_	_
24	betray	betray	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	ccomp	_	_
25	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	24	obj	_	_
26	to	to	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	obl	_	_
28	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	31	mark	_	_
29	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	31	nsubj:pass	_	_
30	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	31	aux	_	_
31	betrayed	betray	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	24	advcl	_	_
32	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	31	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | I | your brother |  | blood |  | all *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **promise** *speech: promise* | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **is a** | present | I | a man |  |  |  | among men | tree rules |
| 4 | **not** **betray** | future | a man | ye |  |  |  | to men | tree rules |
| 5 | **betray** | present · perfect · passive |  | ye |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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