---
title: No. That is why I teach him these things, and that is why I hit him,… — The Jungle Book · tree and pragmatics
description: No. That is why I teach him these things, and that is why I hit him, very softly, when he forgets.” Who acts: No., I, that, Mowgli. A sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 4, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 4, sentence 21

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No. That is why I teach him these things, and that is why I hit him, very softly, when he forgets.”

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**Who acts:** No., I, that, Mowgli · **What happens:** be, teach, hit, forget · **To what, where:** things, Mowgli

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This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (No., I, that, Mowgli), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg236:4:21
# text = No. That is why I teach him these things, and that is why I hit him, very softly, when he forgets.”
1	No.	no.	NOUN	NN	Abbr=Yes|Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	That	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	0	root	_	_
5	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	teach	teach	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl:relcl	_	_
7	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	9	det	_	_
9	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
12	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	14	nsubj	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
14	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advcl:relcl	_	_
15	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	hit	hit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	ccomp	_	_
17	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	very	very	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
20	softly	softly	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
22	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	24	mark	_	_
23	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
24	forgets	forget	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	24	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | No. |  |  |  |  | why *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **teach** *speech: other* | present | I | this things | Mowgli |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient thing=Topic |
| 3 | **is** | present | that |  |  |  |  | why *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **hit** | past | I | Mowgli |  |  |  | softly *property* | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme he=Co-Theme |
| 5 | **forget** | present | Mowgli |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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