---
title: Mowgli had been trying to make himself heard by pulling at Bagheera’… — The Jungle Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Mowgli had been trying to make himself heard by pulling at Bagheera’s shoulder fur and kicking hard. Who acts: Mowgli. A sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 4, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 4, sentence 60

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Mowgli had been trying to make himself heard by pulling at Bagheera’s shoulder fur and kicking hard.

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**Who acts:** Mowgli · **What happens:** try, make, hear, pull, kick · **To what, where:** Mowgli

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This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mowgli), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg236:4:60
# text = Mowgli had been trying to make himself heard by pulling at Bagheera’s shoulder fur and kicking hard.
1	Mowgli	Mowgli	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	aux	_	_
4	trying	try	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	6	obj	_	_
8	heard	hear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	xcomp	_	_
9	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
10	pulling	pull	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	advcl	_	_
11	at	at	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
12	Bagheera	Bagheera	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	’s	's	PART	POS	_	12	case	_	_
14	shoulder	shoulder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	fur	fur	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	kicking	kick	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	conj	_	_
18	hard	hard	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	17	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **try** | past · perfect · progressive | Mowgli |  |  |  |  |  | vn try-61.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **make** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Mowgli *not said here* | Mowgli |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **hear** *not said to happen* | participle | Mowgli *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **pull** | gerund | Mowgli *not said here* |  |  |  |  | at Bagheera's shoulder fur | vn push-12-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent at fur=Theme |
| 5 | **kick** | gerund | Mowgli *not said here* |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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