---
title: They all knew where that place was, but few of the Jungle People eve… — The Jungle Book · tree and pragmatics
description: They all knew where that place was, but few of the Jungle People ever went there, because what they called the Cold Lairs was an old deserted city, lost and buried in the jungle, and beasts seldom use a place that men have once used. Who acts: Lairs, place, Jungle People, Cold Lairs. A sentence of «
---

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# The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 5, sentence 171

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They all knew where that place was, but few of the Jungle People ever went there, because what they called the Cold Lairs was an old deserted city, lost and buried in the jungle, and beasts seldom use a place that men have once used.

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**Who acts:** Lairs, place, Jungle People, Cold Lairs, beasts · **What happens:** know, be, go, call, desert, lose · **To what, where:** old deserted city, jungle, place · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lairs, place, Jungle People, Cold Lairs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg236:5:171
# text = They all knew where that place was, but few of the Jungle People ever went there, because what they called the Cold Lairs was an old deserted city, lost and buried in the jungle, and beasts seldom use a place that men have once used.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	advmod	_	_
3	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	7	advmod	_	_
5	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	det	_	_
6	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
11	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	Jungle	Jungle	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	People	People	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj	_	_
15	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	16	advmod	_	_
16	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
17	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	16	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	20	case	_	_
20	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	parataxis	_	_
21	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
22	called	call	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	acl:relcl	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	Cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	Lairs	lair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	nsubj	_	_
26	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	cop	_	_
27	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
28	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
29	deserted	desert	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	30	amod	_	_
30	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
32	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	30	acl	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
34	buried	bury	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	32	conj	_	_
35	in	in	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	jungle	jungle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
39	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	42	cc	_	_
40	beasts	beast	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	42	nsubj	_	_
41	seldom	seldom	ADV	RB	_	42	advmod	_	_
42	use	use	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	parataxis	_	_
43	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	44	det	_	_
44	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	obj	_	_
45	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	49	nsubj:pass	_	_
46	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	49	nsubj:pass	_	_
47	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	49	aux	_	_
48	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	49	advmod	_	_
49	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	44	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
50	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | past | Lairs *= lair* |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **be** | past | that place |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **go** | past | the Jungle People |  |  | there | ever |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **call** *speech: assert* | past | Lairs *= lair* |  |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **desert** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn leave-51.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **is a** | past | the Cold Lairs | a old deserted city |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **lose** | participle |  | a old deserted city *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 8 | **bury** | participle |  |  |  | the jungle |  |  | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in jungle=Destination |
| 9 | **use** | present | beasts | a place |  |  |  | seldom *property* | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent place=Patient |
| 10 | **use** | present · perfect · passive |  | a place |  |  |  | once *property* | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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