---
title: You could still trace the stone causeways that led up to the ruined… — The Jungle Book · tree and pragmatics
description: You could still trace the stone causeways that led up to the ruined gates where the last splinters of wood hung to the worn, rusted hinges. Who acts: You, stone, that, last splinters. A sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 5, with its dependency tree and the pragma
---

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[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/5/193/)

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# The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 5, sentence 193

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You could still trace the stone causeways that led up to the ruined gates where the last splinters of wood hung to the worn, rusted hinges.

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**Who acts:** You, stone, that, last splinters · **What happens:** trace, causeway, lead up, ruin, hang, rust · **To what, where:** ruined gates, wood, hinges

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This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (You, stone, that, last splinters), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg236:5:193
# text = You could still trace the stone causeways that led up to the ruined gates where the last splinters of wood hung to the worn, rusted hinges.
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	still	still	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	trace	trace	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	causeways	causeway	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	led	lead	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	ccomp	_	_
10	up	up	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	ruined	ruin	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	amod	_	_
14	gates	gate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
15	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	26	advmod	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	splinters	splinter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	nsubj	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
21	hung	hang	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	acl	_	_
22	to	to	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	worn	worn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
26	rusted	rust	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	advcl	_	_
27	hinges	hinge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **trace** | could | You |  |  |  | still |  | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **causeway** | present | the stone |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **lead up** | past | that | the ruined gates |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **ruin** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **hang** | participle |  | wood *not said here* |  |  |  | to the worn | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **rust** | past | the last splinters of wood | hinges |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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