---
title: The monkeys called the place their city, and pretended to despise th… — The Jungle Book · tree and pragmatics
description: The monkeys called the place their city, and pretended to despise the Jungle-People because they lived in the forest. Who acts: monkeys. A sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 6, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 6, sentence 3

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The monkeys called the place their city, and pretended to despise the Jungle-People because they lived in the forest.

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**Who acts:** monkeys · **What happens:** call, pretend, despise, live · **To what, where:** place, Jungle People, forest · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (monkeys), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg236:6:3
# text = The monkeys called the place their city, and pretended to despise the Jungle-People because they lived in the forest.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	monkeys	monkey	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
3	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	xcomp	_	_
6	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	pretended	pretend	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	despise	despise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
14	Jungle	Jungle	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	People	People	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
17	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
18	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | participle | the monkeys *not said here* | the place |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **pretend** | past | the monkeys |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **despise** | to-infinitive | the monkeys *not said here* | the Jungle People |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer people=Stimulus |
| 4 | **live** | past | monkeys *= monkey* |  |  | the forest |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in forest=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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