---
title: The Panther lay gasping for breath, his head just out of the water,… — The Jungle Book · tree and pragmatics
description: The Panther lay gasping for breath, his head just out of the water, while the monkeys stood three deep on the red steps, dancing up and down with rage, ready to spring upon him from all sides if he came out to help Baloo. Who acts: Panther, monkeys. A sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling
---

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# The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 6, sentence 86

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The Panther lay gasping for breath, his head just out of the water, while the monkeys stood three deep on the red steps, dancing up and down with rage, ready to spring upon him from all sides if he came out to help Baloo.

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**Who acts:** Panther, monkeys · **What happens:** lie, gasp, stand, dance, spring, come out · **To what, where:** water, sides, Baloo

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This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Panther, monkeys), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg236:6:86
# text = The Panther lay gasping for breath, his head just out of the water, while the monkeys stood three deep on the red steps, dancing up and down with rage, ready to spring upon him from all sides if he came out to help Baloo.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Panther	panther	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lay	lie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	gasping	gasp	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	xcomp	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
10	just	just	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
11	out	out	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	monkeys	monkey	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nsubj	_	_
19	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
20	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	21	nummod	_	_
21	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	xcomp	_	_
22	on	on	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	steps	step	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
27	dancing	dance	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	19	advcl	_	_
28	up	up	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	down	down	ADV	RB	_	28	conj	_	_
31	with	with	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	rage	rage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
34	ready	ready	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
35	to	to	PART	TO	_	36	mark	_	_
36	spring	spring	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	34	xcomp	_	_
37	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
38	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	36	obl	_	_
39	from	from	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
40	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	41	det	_	_
41	sides	side	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	36	obl	_	_
42	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	44	mark	_	_
43	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	44	nsubj	_	_
44	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	36	advcl	_	_
45	out	out	ADV	RB	_	44	advmod	_	_
46	to	to	PART	TO	_	47	mark	_	_
47	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	44	advcl	_	_
48	Baloo	Baloo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	47	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
49	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lie** | past | the Panther |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **gasp** | gerund | the Panther *not said here* |  |  | the water |  | for breath and Panther's head | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient S\_INF»: agent=Agent for breath=Recipient |
| 3 | **stand** | past | the monkeys |  |  |  |  | on the red steps; deep *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on step=Location |
| 4 | **dance** | gerund | the monkeys *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with rage | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **spring** | to-infinitive | the monkeys *not said here* |  |  | all sides |  | upon Panther | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon he=Trajectory |
| 6 | **come out** *a condition, not said to happen* | past | Panther |  |  |  |  | out *property* | vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient |
| 7 | **help** | to-infinitive | Panther *not said here* |  | Baloo |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent baloo=Beneficiary |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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