---
title: It grew darker and darker, till at last the dragging, shifting coils… — The Jungle Book · tree and pragmatics
description: It grew darker and darker, till at last the dragging, shifting coils disappeared, but they could hear the rustle of the scales. Who acts: song, coils, scales. A sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 7, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/7/58/)

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# The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 7, sentence 58

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It grew darker and darker, till at last the dragging, shifting coils disappeared, but they could hear the rustle of the scales.

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**Who acts:** song, coils, scales · **What happens:** grow, shift, disappear, hear, rustle · **To what, where:** rustle

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This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (song, coils, scales), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg236:7:58
# text = It grew darker and darker, till at last the dragging, shifting coils disappeared, but they could hear the rustle of the scales.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	darker	dark	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	2	xcomp	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	darker	dark	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	till	till	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	dragging	dragging	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	shifting	shift	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
14	coils	coil	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj	_	_
15	disappeared	disappear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
18	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
19	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
20	hear	hear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	rustle	rustle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	scales	scale	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | past | song |  |  |  |  | dark *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **shift** | gerund | song *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **disappear** | past | coils |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **hear** | could | coils *= coil* | the rustle of the scales |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer rustle=Stimulus |
| 5 | **rustle** |  | the scales |  |  |  |  |  | nom rustle «event intransitive»: of=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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