---
title: “Ah,” said Gray Brother, “I have waited here very many days. — The Jungle Book · tree and pragmatics
description: “Ah,” said Gray Brother, “I have waited here very many days. Who acts: Gray. A sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 8, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 8, sentence 71

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“Ah,” said Gray Brother, “I have waited here very many days.

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**Who acts:** Gray · **What happens:** say, wait · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gray), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg236:8:71
# text = “Ah,” said Gray Brother, “I have waited here very many days.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Ah	ah	INTJ	UH	_	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	Gray	Gray	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
7	Brother	Brother	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
11	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	waited	wait	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	ccomp	_	_
13	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	12	advmod	_	_
14	very	very	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Gray |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **wait** *in a quote* | present · perfect | Gray |  |  | here | day |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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