---
title: “I told him on that day, when he crammed his head and shoulders into… — The Jungle Book · tree and pragmatics
description: “I told him on that day, when he crammed his head and shoulders into this cave, hunting for thy life, Little Frog--I told him that the hunter would be the hunted. Who acts: I, Mowgli. A sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 9, with its dependency tree and the pragma
---

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# The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 9, sentence 177

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“I told him on that day, when he crammed his head and shoulders into this cave, hunting for thy life, Little Frog--I told him that the hunter would be the hunted.

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**Who acts:** I, Mowgli · **What happens:** tell, cram, hunt · **To what, where:** Mowgli, head, cave, Little Frog, hunter · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 9. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, Mowgli), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg236:9:177
# text = “I told him on that day, when he crammed his head and shoulders into this cave, hunting for thy life, Little Frog--I told him that the hunter would be the hunted.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	iobj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	det	_	_
7	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	11	advmod	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	crammed	cram	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
12	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	shoulders	shoulder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	_
16	into	into	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	18	det	_	_
18	cave	cave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	hunting	hunt	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	advcl	_	_
21	for	for	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
25	Little	Little	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	Frog	Frog	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
29	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
30	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	iobj	_	_
31	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	37	mark	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	hunter	hunter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	nsubj:pass	_	_
34	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	37	aux	_	_
35	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	37	aux:pass	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	hunted	hunt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	29	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | past | I |  | Mowgli |  | day |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient |
| 2 | **cram** *in a quote* | past | Mowgli | Mowgli's head and shoulders |  | this cave |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent head=Theme into cave=Destination |
| 3 | **hunt** *in a quote* | gerund | Mowgli *not said here* | Little Frog |  |  |  | for thy life | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent for life=Theme |
| 4 | **tell** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | past | I |  | Mowgli |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 5 | **hunt** *in a quote* | would · passive |  | the hunter |  |  |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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