---
title: In the other, the bulls and the young bulls snorted and stamped, but… — The Jungle Book · tree and pragmatics
description: In the other, the bulls and the young bulls snorted and stamped, but though they looked more imposing they were much less dangerous, for they had no calves to protect. Who acts: bulls. A sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 9, with its dependency tree and the pragm
---

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# The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 9, sentence 3

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the other, the bulls and the young bulls snorted and stamped, but though they looked more imposing they were much less dangerous, for they had no calves to protect.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** bulls · **What happens:** snort, stamp, look, be, have, protect · **To what, where:** calves

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This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 9. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bulls), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg236:9:3
# text = In the other, the bulls and the young bulls snorted and stamped, but though they looked more imposing they were much less dangerous, for they had no calves to protect.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	bulls	bull	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	bulls	bull	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
11	snorted	snort	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	stamped	stamp	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
16	though	though	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
17	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	parataxis	_	_
19	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	20	advmod	_	_
20	imposing	imposing	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	xcomp	_	_
21	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
22	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	cop	_	_
23	much	much	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
24	less	less	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	25	advmod	_	_
25	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
27	for	for	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
29	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	conj	_	_
30	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	31	det	_	_
31	calves	calf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	obj	_	_
32	to	to	PART	TO	_	33	mark	_	_
33	protect	protect	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	31	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **snort** | past | the bulls and the young bulls |  |  |  |  | in the other | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in other=Theme |
| 2 | **stamp** | past | the bulls and the young bulls *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **look** | past | bulls *= bull* |  |  |  |  | imposing *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 4 | **is** | past | bulls *= bull* |  |  |  |  | dangerous, less *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **have** | past | bulls *= bull* | no calves |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent calf=Patient |
| 6 | **protect** | to-infinitive | bulls *= bull* *not said here* | no calves *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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