---
title: From that height you could see across the tops of the trees down to… — The Jungle Book · tree and pragmatics
description: From that height you could see across the tops of the trees down to the plain below; but what Mowgli looked at was the sides of the ravine, and he saw with a great deal of satisfaction that they ran nearly straight up and down, while the vines and creepers that hung over them would give no foothold 
---

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# The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 9, sentence 37

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
From that height you could see across the tops of the trees down to the plain below; but what Mowgli looked at was the sides of the ravine, and he saw with a great deal of satisfaction that they ran nearly straight up and down, while the vines and creepers that hung over them would give no foothold to a tiger who wanted to get out.

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**Who acts:** you, Mowgli, sides, vines, tiger · **What happens:** see, look, be, run, hang, give · **To what, where:** height, sides, foothold, tiger, satisfaction

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This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 9. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, Mowgli, sides, vines), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg236:9:37
# text = From that height you could see across the tops of the trees down to the plain below; but what Mowgli looked at was the sides of the ravine, and he saw with a great deal of satisfaction that they ran nearly straight up and down, while the vines and creepers that hung over them would give no foothold to a tiger who wanted to get out.
1	From	from	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
3	height	height	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	across	across	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	tops	top	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
13	down	down	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
14	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	plain	plain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
17	below	below	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
19	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
20	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	22	obj	_	_
21	Mowgli	Mowgli	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	nsubj	_	_
22	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
23	at	at	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
24	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	cop	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	sides	side	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obl	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	ravine	ravine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
32	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	33	nsubj	_	_
33	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	conj	_	_
34	with	with	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
35	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
36	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	37	amod	_	_
37	deal	deal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	_
38	of	of	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
39	satisfaction	satisfaction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	nmod	_	_
40	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	42	mark	_	_
41	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	42	nsubj	_	_
42	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	33	advcl	_	_
43	nearly	nearly	ADV	RB	_	45	advmod	_	_
44	straight	straight	ADV	RB	_	45	advmod	_	_
45	up	up	ADV	RB	_	42	advmod	_	_
46	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	47	cc	_	_
47	down	down	ADV	RB	_	45	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
48	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	59	punct	_	_
49	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	59	mark	_	_
50	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	51	det	_	_
51	vines	vine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	59	nsubj	_	_
52	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	53	cc	_	_
53	creepers	creeper	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	51	conj	_	_
54	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	55	nsubj	_	_
55	hung	hang	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	51	acl:relcl	_	_
56	over	over	ADP	IN	_	57	case	_	_
57	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	55	obl	_	_
58	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	59	aux	_	_
59	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	42	conj	_	_
60	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	61	det	_	_
61	foothold	foothold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	59	obj	_	_
62	to	to	ADP	IN	_	64	case	_	_
63	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	64	det	_	_
64	tiger	tiger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	59	obl	_	_
65	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	66	nsubj	_	_
66	wanted	want	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	64	acl:relcl	_	_
67	to	to	PART	TO	_	68	mark	_	_
68	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	66	xcomp	_	_
69	out	out	ADV	RB	_	68	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
70	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | could | you |  |  | that height |  | across the tops of the trees to the plain | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **look** | past | Mowgli |  |  |  |  |  | vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme what=Attribute |
| 3 | **is** | past |  |  |  | the sides |  | of the ravine | tree rules |
| 4 | **see** | past | Mowgli |  |  |  |  | with a great deal of satisfaction | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 5 | **run** | past | sides *= side* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **hang** | past | the vines and creepers |  |  |  |  | over vines *= vine* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent over they=Location |
| 7 | **give** | would | the vines and creepers | no foothold | a tiger |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent foothold=Theme to tiger=Recipient |
| 8 | **want** | past | a tiger |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 9 | **get out** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | a tiger *not said here* |  |  |  |  | out *property* | vn withdraw-82-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 10 | **deal** |  |  | satisfaction |  |  |  |  | nom deal «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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