---
title: It had gold patterns on the brown leather, and gold clasps with turq… — The Book of Dragons · tree and pragmatics
description: It had gold patterns on the brown leather, and gold clasps with turquoises and rubies in the twists of them, and gold corners, so that the leather should not wear out too quickly. Who acts: Book, leather. A sentence of «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Opening, part 1, with its dependency tree and
---

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# The Book of Dragons, Opening, part 1, sentence 140

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It had gold patterns on the brown leather, and gold clasps with turquoises and rubies in the twists of them, and gold corners, so that the leather should not wear out too quickly.

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**Who acts:** Book, leather · **What happens:** have, not wear out, twist · **To what, where:** gold patterns, brown leather, twists

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This is a sentence of «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Book, leather), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg23661:1:140
# text = It had gold patterns on the brown leather, and gold clasps with turquoises and rubies in the twists of them, and gold corners, so that the leather should not wear out too quickly.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	patterns	pattern	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	brown	brown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	leather	leather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	clasps	clasp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	parataxis	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	turquoises	turquoise	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	rubies	ruby	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	conj	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	twists	twist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
24	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	compound	_	_
25	corners	corner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
27	so	so	SCONJ	IN	ExtPos=SCONJ	33	mark	_	_
28	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	27	fixed	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	leather	leather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nsubj	_	_
31	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	33	aux	_	_
32	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	33	advmod	_	_
33	wear	wear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
34	out	out	ADP	RP	_	33	compound:prt	_	_
35	too	too	ADV	RB	_	36	advmod	_	_
36	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	33	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | Book | gold patterns |  | the brown leather |  | gold corners *obl* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pattern=Patient |
| 2 | **not** **wear out** | should | the leather |  |  |  |  | quickly *property* | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **twist** |  |  | twists *= twist* |  |  |  |  | nom twist «event transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Project Gutenberg book 23661 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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