---
title: All the hippopotamuses had collars with their name and address on, b… — The Book of Dragons · tree and pragmatics
description: All the hippopotamuses had collars with their name and address on, but when the farmers called at the palace to complain of the injury to their standing crops, the Prince always said it served them right for leaving their crops standing about in people's way, and he never paid anything at all. Who a
---

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# The Book of Dragons, The Fiery Dragon\], sentence 50

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All the hippopotamuses had collars with their name and address on, but when the farmers called at the palace to complain of the injury to their standing crops, the Prince always said it served them right for leaving their crops standing about in people's way, and he never paid anything at all.

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**Who acts:** hippopotamuses, farmers, Prince, injury, crops · **What happens:** have on, call, complain, say, serve, leave · **To what, where:** collars, standing crops, hippopotamuses, crops, anything, all · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, The Fiery Dragon\]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hippopotamuses, farmers, Prince, injury), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg23661:13:50
# text = All the hippopotamuses had collars with their name and address on, but when the farmers called at the palace to complain of the injury to their standing crops, the Prince always said it served them right for leaving their crops standing about in people's way, and he never paid anything at all.
1	All	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	3	det:predet	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	hippopotamuses	hippopotamus	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	collars	collar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	address	address	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
11	on	on	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
13	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
14	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	17	advmod	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	farmers	farmer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj	_	_
17	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	parataxis	_	_
18	at	at	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	palace	palace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	complain	complain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	advcl	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	injury	injury	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
26	to	to	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
27	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	29	nmod:poss	_	_
28	standing	standing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	compound	_	_
29	crops	crop	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	Prince	Prince	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	nsubj	_	_
33	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	34	advmod	_	_
34	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	29	conj	_	_
35	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	36	nsubj	_	_
36	served	serve	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	34	ccomp	_	_
37	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	36	obj	_	_
38	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	xcomp	_	_
39	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	40	mark	_	_
40	leaving	leave	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	38	advcl	_	_
41	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	42	nmod:poss	_	_
42	crops	crop	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	40	obj	_	_
43	standing	stand	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	42	acl	_	_
44	about	about	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
45	in	in	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
46	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	48	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	's	's	PART	POS	_	46	case	_	_
48	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
49	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	53	punct	_	_
50	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	53	cc	_	_
51	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	53	nsubj	_	_
52	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	53	advmod	_	_
53	paid	pay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
54	anything	anything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	53	obj	_	_
55	at	at	ADP	IN	_	56	case	_	_
56	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	54	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
57	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have on** | past | all hippopotamuses | collars |  |  |  | with hippopotamuses's name and address | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent collar=Patient |
| 2 | **call** | participle | the farmers |  |  |  |  | at the palace | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Agent at palace=Stimulus |
| 3 | **complain** *speech: other* | to-infinitive | the farmers *not said here* |  | hippopotamuses's standing crops |  |  | of the injury | vn complain-37.8 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to crop=Recipient |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the Prince |  |  |  |  | always *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **serve** | past | injury | hippopotamuses *= hippopotamus* |  |  |  | right *property* | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Attribute |
| 6 | **leave** | gerund | injury *not said here* | hippopotamuses's crops |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crop=Theme |
| 7 | **stand** | gerund | hippopotamuses's crops *not said here* |  |  |  |  | about people's way | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent about way=Location |
| 8 | **not** **pay** | past | Prince | anything |  | all |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anything=Asset |
| 9 | **name** |  | hippopotamuses *= hippopotamus* |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Project Gutenberg book 23661 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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