---
title: "Your mother says you are to, anyhow; and look sharp about it, what'… — The Book of Dragons · tree and pragmatics
description: "Your mother says you are to, anyhow; and look sharp about it, what's more," said Edmund, gaining courage from the fact that the drakling had not yet eaten him. Who acts: mother, Edmund, fact. A sentence of «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Kind Little Edmund], with its dependency tree and the pra
---

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# The Book of Dragons, Kind Little Edmund\], sentence 153

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"Your mother says you are to, anyhow; and look sharp about it, what's more," said Edmund, gaining courage from the fact that the drakling had not yet eaten him.

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**Who acts:** mother, Edmund, fact · **What happens:** say, be, anyhow, look, gain, not eat · **To what, where:** you, courage, fact, drakling · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Kind Little Edmund\]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mother, Edmund, fact), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg23661:14:153
# text = "Your mother says you are to, anyhow; and look sharp about it, what's more," said Edmund, gaining courage from the fact that the drakling had not yet eaten him.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	ccomp	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	anyhow	anyhow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	look	look	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	ccomp	_	_
13	sharp	sharp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	xcomp	_	_
14	about	about	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	19	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
19	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	_
22	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
23	Edmund	Edmund	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
25	gaining	gain	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	22	advcl	_	_
26	courage	courage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	_
27	from	from	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	fact	fact	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
30	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	36	mark	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	drakling	drakling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	nsubj:pass	_	_
33	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	36	aux	_	_
34	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	36	advmod	_	_
35	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	36	advmod	_	_
36	eaten	eat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	29	acl	_	_
37	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	36	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | present | Your mother | you |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** *in a quote* | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **anyhow** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **look** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | sharp *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 5 | **is** *in a quote* | present |  |  |  |  |  | more *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Edmund |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 7 | **gain** | gerund | Edmund *not said here* | courage |  | the fact |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent courage=Theme from fact=Source |
| 8 | **not** **eat** | past · perfect · passive | the fact *not said here* | the drakling |  |  | yet |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Project Gutenberg book 23661 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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