---
title: George had to own that he had not learned that. — The Book of Dragons · tree and pragmatics
description: George had to own that he had not learned that. Who acts: George, fiddlestick. A sentence of «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Opening, part 7, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg23661/7/47/)

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# The Book of Dragons, Opening, part 7, sentence 47

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George had to own that he had not learned that.

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**Who acts:** George, fiddlestick · **What happens:** have, own, not learn · **To what, where:** that

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This is a sentence of «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (George, fiddlestick), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg23661:7:47
# text = George had to own that he had not learned that.
1	George	George	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	own	own	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
7	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	learned	learn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
10	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | George |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **own** | to-infinitive | George *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot |
| 3 | **not** **learn** | past · perfect | fiddlestick | that |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Topic |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Project Gutenberg book 23661 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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