---
title: And, sure enough, it _was_ a dragon--a great, shining, winged, scaly… — The Book of Dragons · tree and pragmatics
description: And, sure enough, it _was_ a dragon--a great, shining, winged, scaly, clawy, big-mouthed dragon--made of pure ice. Who acts: lump. A sentence of «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Opening, part 8, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Book of Dragons, Opening, part 8, sentence 53

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And, sure enough, it \_was\_ a dragon--a great, shining, winged, scaly, clawy, big-mouthed dragon--made of pure ice.

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**Who acts:** lump · **What happens:** be, shine, wing, mouth, make · **To what, where:** dragon, big mouthed dragon

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This is a sentence of «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Opening, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lump), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg23661:8:53
# text = And, sure enough, it _was_ a dragon--a great, shining, winged, scaly, clawy, big-mouthed dragon--made of pure ice.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	sure	sure	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	enough	enough	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
7	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	11	punct	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	dragon	dragon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	shining	shine	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	winged	wing	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	scaly	scaly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
22	clawy	clawy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
24	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	mouthed	mouth	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	27	amod	_	_
27	dragon	dragon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	27	acl	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	pure	pure	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
32	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | lump | a dragon and big mouthed dragon |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **shine** | gerund | lump *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **wing** | participle | lump *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **mouth** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **make** | participle |  | big mouthed dragon *not said here* |  |  |  | of pure ice | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Project Gutenberg book 23661 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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