---
title: Then the witch stirred the stuff that was in the cauldron, and, one… — The Book of Dragons · tree and pragmatics
description: Then the witch stirred the stuff that was in the cauldron, and, one by one, she threw in the gold crown and the sapphire necklace and the pearl bracelets and the ruby clasps and the diamonds of the little bright shoe buckles, and last of all she threw in the lilies. Who acts: witch, stuff, one, ruby
---

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# The Book of Dragons, Opening, part 9, sentence 95

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Then the witch stirred the stuff that was in the cauldron, and, one by one, she threw in the gold crown and the sapphire necklace and the pearl bracelets and the ruby clasps and the diamonds of the little bright shoe buckles, and last of all she threw in the lilies.

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**Who acts:** witch, stuff, one, ruby, diamonds, last · **What happens:** stir, be, throw, clasp, buckle · **To what, where:** stuff, cauldron, gold crown, lilies

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This is a sentence of «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Opening, part 9. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (witch, stuff, one, ruby), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg23661:9:95
# text = Then the witch stirred the stuff that was in the cauldron, and, one by one, she threw in the gold crown and the sapphire necklace and the pearl bracelets and the ruby clasps and the diamonds of the little bright shoe buckles, and last of all she threw in the lilies.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	witch	witch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	stirred	stir	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	stuff	stuff	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	cauldron	cauldron	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	20	nsubj	_	_
16	by	by	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
20	threw	throw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	_
24	crown	crown	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	sapphire	sapphire	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	necklace	necklace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
31	pearl	pearl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	compound	_	_
32	bracelets	bracelet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	conj	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	ruby	ruby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	nsubj	_	_
36	clasps	clasp	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	conj	_	_
37	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	45	cc	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
39	diamonds	diamond	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	45	nsubj	_	_
40	of	of	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	44	det	_	_
42	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	44	amod	_	_
43	bright	bright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	44	amod	_	_
44	shoe	shoe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	nmod	_	_
45	buckles	buckle	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	36	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	52	punct	_	_
47	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	52	cc	_	_
48	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	52	nsubj	_	_
49	of	of	ADP	IN	_	50	case	_	_
50	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	48	nmod	_	_
51	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	52	nsubj	_	_
52	threw	throw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
53	in	in	ADP	IN	_	55	case	_	_
54	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	55	det	_	_
55	lilies	lily	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	52	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
56	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stir** | past | the witch | the stuff |  |  | then |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus stuff=Experiencer |
| 2 | **is** | past | the stuff |  |  | the cauldron |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **throw** | past | one by one |  |  | the gold crown and the sapphire necklace and the pearl bracelets |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent in crown=Destination |
| 4 | **clasp** | present | the ruby |  |  |  |  |  | vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 5 | **buckle** | present | the diamonds of the little bright shoe |  |  |  |  |  | vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 6 | **throw** | past | last of all |  |  | the lilies |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent in lily=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Project Gutenberg book 23661 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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