---
title: These pence the youth hoarded carefully till he had collected enough… — The Crimson Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: These pence the youth hoarded carefully till he had collected enough to buy a beautiful pair of pipes. Who acts: These, youth. A sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 11, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Crimson Fairy Book, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 11, sentence 3

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These pence the youth hoarded carefully till he had collected enough to buy a beautiful pair of pipes.

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**Who acts:** These, youth · **What happens:** pence, hoard, collect, buy · **To what, where:** beautiful pair

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This is a sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (These, youth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2435:11:3
# text = These pence the youth hoarded carefully till he had collected enough to buy a beautiful pair of pipes.
1	These	this	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	2	nsubj	_	_
2	pence	pence	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	youth	youth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	hoarded	hoard	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
6	carefully	carefully	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	till	till	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	collected	collect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	parataxis	_	_
11	enough	enough	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	buy	buy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	advcl	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	beautiful	beautiful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	pair	pair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	pipes	pipe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pence** | present | These |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **hoard** | past | the youth |  |  |  |  | carefully *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **collect** | past · perfect | youth |  |  |  |  | enough *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **buy** | to-infinitive | youth *not said here* | a beautiful pair of pipes |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pair=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 2435 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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