---
title: The sailors knew the island to be uninhabited, and were much surpris… — The Crimson Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: The sailors knew the island to be uninhabited, and were much surprised to see a man standing on the beach, waving his arms in welcome to them. Who acts: sailors, man. A sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 12, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics o
---

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# The Crimson Fairy Book, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 12, sentence 31

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sailors knew the island to be uninhabited, and were much surprised to see a man standing on the beach, waving his arms in welcome to them.

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**Who acts:** sailors, man · **What happens:** know, be, see, stand, wave · **To what, where:** island, man, beach, arms, sailors

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This is a sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 12. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sailors, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2435:12:31
# text = The sailors knew the island to be uninhabited, and were much surprised to see a man standing on the beach, waving his arms in welcome to them.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sailors	sailor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	island	island	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
7	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	cop	_	_
8	uninhabited	uninhabited	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
12	much	much	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	surprised	surprised	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	advcl	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
18	standing	stand	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	17	acl	_	_
19	on	on	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	beach	beach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	waving	wave	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	18	advcl	_	_
24	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
25	arms	arm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obj	_	_
26	in	in	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	welcome	welcome	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
28	to	to	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | past | the sailors | the island |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer island=Stimulus |
| 2 | **is** | to-infinitive | the sailors *not said here* | the island *not said here* |  |  |  | uninhabited *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | past | the sailors *not said here* |  |  |  |  | surprised *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **see** | to-infinitive | the sailors *not said here* | a man |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer man=Stimulus |
| 5 | **stand** | gerund | a man *not said here* |  |  | the beach |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on beach=Location |
| 6 | **wave** | gerund | a man *not said here* | shrinking's arms | sailors *= sailor* |  |  | in welcome | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent arm=Patient in welcome=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 2435 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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