---
title: The queen, who was looking out of the window, saw him approaching, a… — The Crimson Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: The queen, who was looking out of the window, saw him approaching, and filled with pity sent a servant to ask who he was and what he wanted. Who acts: queen, land, pity. A sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 13, with its dependency tree and the pragmatic
---

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# The Crimson Fairy Book, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 13, sentence 3

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The queen, who was looking out of the window, saw him approaching, and filled with pity sent a servant to ask who he was and what he wanted.

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**Who acts:** queen, land, pity · **What happens:** look out, see, approach, fill, send, ask · **To what, where:** window, land, servant

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This is a sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 13. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (queen, land, pity), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2435:13:3
# text = The queen, who was looking out of the window, saw him approaching, and filled with pity sent a servant to ask who he was and what he wanted.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	queen	queen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	looking	look	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	acl:relcl	_	_
7	out	out	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
12	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	_
14	approaching	approach	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	filled	fill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	conj	_	_
18	with	with	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
19	pity	pity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
20	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	ccomp	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	servant	servant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
23	to	to	PART	TO	_	24	mark	_	_
24	ask	ask	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	advcl	_	_
25	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	24	obj	_	_
26	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
27	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	29	cop	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	25	conj	_	_
30	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj	_	_
31	wanted	want	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	29	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look out** | past · progressive | the queen | the window |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **see** | past | the queen | land |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **approach** | gerund | land *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **fill** | participle | the queen *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **send** | past | pity | a servant |  |  |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent servant=Theme |
| 6 | **ask** *speech: ask* | to-infinitive | pity *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent who=Recipient |
| 7 | **is a** | past | land |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 8 | **want** | past | land |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 2435 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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