---
title: Leave was given him, and taking the instrument from under his cloak… — The Crimson Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Leave was given him, and taking the instrument from under his cloak he touched the strings. Who acts: you, king. A sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 14, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2435/14/56/)

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# The Crimson Fairy Book, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 14, sentence 56

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Leave was given him, and taking the instrument from under his cloak he touched the strings.

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**Who acts:** you, king · **What happens:** leave, give, take, touch · **To what, where:** king, instrument, cloak, strings

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This is a sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 14. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2435:14:56
# text = Leave was given him, and taking the instrument from under his cloak he touched the strings.
1	Leave	leave	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	xcomp	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	taking	take	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	instrument	instrument	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	from	from	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	under	under	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	cloak	cloak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
14	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	touched	touch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	acl:relcl	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	strings	string	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **give** | past · passive | you *not said here* | king |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: he=Theme |
| 3 | **take** | gerund | you *not said here* | the instrument |  | king's cloak |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent instrument=Theme from cloak=Initial\_Location |
| 4 | **touch** | past | king | the strings |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme string=Co-Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 2435 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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