---
title: The second man, hearing the signal, leapt the ditch in confidence, a… — The Crimson Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: The second man, hearing the signal, leapt the ditch in confidence, and was met by the same fate, and in a few minutes eleven of the robbers lay dead, and there remained only the captain. Who acts: second man, same fate, few minutes. A sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson 
---

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# The Crimson Fairy Book, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 15, sentence 4

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The second man, hearing the signal, leapt the ditch in confidence, and was met by the same fate, and in a few minutes eleven of the robbers lay dead, and there remained only the captain.

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**Who acts:** second man, same fate, few minutes · **What happens:** hear, leapt, meet, lay, remain · **To what, where:** signal, ditch, confidence, captain

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This is a sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (second man, same fate, few minutes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2435:15:4
# text = The second man, hearing the signal, leapt the ditch in confidence, and was met by the same fate, and in a few minutes eleven of the robbers lay dead, and there remained only the captain.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	second	second	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	3	amod	_	_
3	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	hearing	hear	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	acl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	signal	signal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	leapt	leapt	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	ditch	ditch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	confidence	confidence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux:pass	_	_
17	met	meet	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	advcl	_	_
18	by	by	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	fate	fate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
24	in	in	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	minutes	minute	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	nsubj	_	_
28	eleven	eleven	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	27	flat	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	robbers	robber	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	nmod	_	_
32	lay	lay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	parataxis	_	_
33	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
36	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	37	advmod	_	_
37	remained	remain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	32	conj	_	_
38	only	only	ADV	RB	_	40	advmod	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	captain	captain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | gerund | the second man *not said here* | the signal |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer signal=Stimulus |
| 2 | **leapt** | infinitive | the second man | the ditch |  | confidence |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **meet** | past · passive | the same fate |  |  |  |  |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **lay** | present | a few minutes |  |  |  |  | dead *property* | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **remain** | participle | a few minutes *not said here* | the captain |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 2435 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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