---
title: So Peter perceived that what ailed his guest was sorrow of heart, an… — The Crimson Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: So Peter perceived that what ailed his guest was sorrow of heart, and asked him kindly to tell him his story. Who acts: Peter, guest. A sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 17, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Crimson Fairy Book, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 17, sentence 55

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So Peter perceived that what ailed his guest was sorrow of heart, and asked him kindly to tell him his story.

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**Who acts:** Peter, guest · **What happens:** perceive, ail, be, ask, tell · **To what, where:** sorrow, guest, story · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 17. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Peter, guest), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2435:17:55
# text = So Peter perceived that what ailed his guest was sorrow of heart, and asked him kindly to tell him his story.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	Peter	Peter	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	perceived	perceive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	6	nsubj	_	_
6	ailed	ail	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	guest	guest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	sorrow	sorrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	ccomp	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
16	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	iobj	_	_
17	kindly	kindly	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	tell	tell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	xcomp	_	_
20	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	iobj	_	_
21	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **perceive** | past | Peter |  |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **ail** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn pain-40.8.1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **is a** | past | Peter's guest | sorrow |  |  |  | of heart | tree rules |
| 4 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | Peter *not said here* |  | guest |  |  | kindly *property* | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S\_INF»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 5 | **tell** *speech: assert* *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Peter *not said here* | Peter's story | guest |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient story=Topic |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 2435 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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