---
title: When he had eaten he began to look about him, and was surprised to s… — The Crimson Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: When he had eaten he began to look about him, and was surprised to see an animal sitting by the fire different from anything he had ever noticed before. Who acts: fellow, animal. A sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 18, with its dependency tree and the 
---

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# The Crimson Fairy Book, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 18, sentence 17

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When he had eaten he began to look about him, and was surprised to see an animal sitting by the fire different from anything he had ever noticed before.

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**Who acts:** fellow, animal · **What happens:** eat, begin, look, be, see, sit · **To what, where:** animal

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This is a sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 18. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fellow, animal), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2435:18:17
# text = When he had eaten he began to look about him, and was surprised to see an animal sitting by the fire different from anything he had ever noticed before.
1	When	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	4	mark	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	eaten	eat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	look	look	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	about	about	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
14	surprised	surprised	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	advcl	_	_
17	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
19	sitting	sit	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	18	acl	_	_
20	by	by	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
23	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	xcomp	_	_
24	from	from	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	anything	anything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	23	obl	_	_
26	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
27	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
28	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	29	advmod	_	_
29	noticed	notice	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	25	acl:relcl	_	_
30	before	before	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | past · perfect | fellow |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **begin** | past | fellow |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **look** | to-infinitive | fellow *not said here* |  |  |  |  | about fellow | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent about he=Theme |
| 4 | **is** | past | fellow *not said here* |  |  |  |  | surprised *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **see** | to-infinitive | fellow *not said here* | a animal |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer animal=Stimulus |
| 6 | **sit** | gerund | a animal *not said here* |  |  |  |  | by the fire; different *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by fire=Location |
| 7 | **notice** | past · perfect | fellow |  |  |  | ever | before *property* | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 2435 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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