---
title: Now in the mountain dwelt a spirit which now and then appeared to me… — The Crimson Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Now in the mountain dwelt a spirit which now and then appeared to men, and helped them in many ways to become rich and prosperous. Who acts: spirit. A sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 19, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Crimson Fairy Book, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 19, sentence 115

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Now in the mountain dwelt a spirit which now and then appeared to men, and helped them in many ways to become rich and prosperous.

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**Who acts:** spirit · **What happens:** dwell, appear, help, become · **To what, where:** spirit, mountain, men, many ways

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This is a sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 19. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (spirit), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2435:19:115
# text = Now in the mountain dwelt a spirit which now and then appeared to men, and helped them in many ways to become rich and prosperous.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	mountain	mountain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
5	dwelt	dwell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	spirit	spirit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
9	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	12	advmod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	12	advmod	_	_
12	appeared	appear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	helped	help	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
18	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	ways	way	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl	_	_
22	to	to	PART	TO	_	23	mark	_	_
23	become	become	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	advcl	_	_
24	rich	rich	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	xcomp	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	prosperous	prosperous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dwell** | past |  | a spirit |  | the mountain | now |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme spirit=Location |
| 2 | **appear** | past | a spirit |  |  |  | now; then | to men | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **help** | past |  | men *= man* |  | many ways |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Beneficiary |
| 4 | **become** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | rich *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 2435 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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