--- title: And he told the king how he had been forced to run away from his ste… — The Crimson Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics description: And he told the king how he had been forced to run away from his stepfather, and how he had spared the three birds, and had joined the two soldiers, who had from envy done their utmost to ruin him. Who acts: father, two soldiers. A sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fai --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2435/21/84/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Crimson Fairy Book](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2435/) / [The Crimson Fairy Book, part 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2435/21/) / 84 # The Crimson Fairy Book, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 21, sentence 84 And he told the king how he had been forced to run away from his stepfather, and how he had spared the three birds, and had joined the two soldiers, who had from envy done their utmost to ruin him. **Who acts:** father, two soldiers · **What happens:** tell, force, run away, spare, join, have · **To what, where:** king, father, three birds, two soldiers, envy · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 21. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (father, two soldiers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg2435:21:84 # text = And he told the king how he had been forced to run away from his stepfather, and how he had spared the three birds, and had joined the two soldiers, who had from envy done their utmost to ruin him. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 told tell VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 6 how how ADV WRB PronType=Int 10 advmod _ _ 7 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nsubj:pass _ _ 8 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 aux _ _ 9 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 10 aux:pass _ _ 10 forced force VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 3 ccomp _ _ 11 to to PART TO _ 12 mark _ _ 12 run run VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 10 xcomp _ _ 13 away away ADV RB _ 12 advmod _ _ 14 from from ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ _ 16 stepfather stepfather NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 17 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 19 how how ADV WRB PronType=Int 22 advmod _ _ 20 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ _ 21 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 22 aux _ _ 22 spared spare VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 10 conj _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 24 three three NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 25 nummod _ _ 25 birds bird NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 26 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 28 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 29 aux _ _ 29 joined join VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 3 parataxis _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 31 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 32 nummod _ _ 32 soldiers soldier NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 33 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 34 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 35 nsubj _ _ 35 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 32 acl:relcl _ _ 36 from from ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 37 envy envy NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 obl _ _ 38 done do VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 35 xcomp _ _ 39 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 40 nmod:poss _ _ 40 utmost utmost ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 38 xcomp _ _ 41 to to PART TO _ 42 mark _ _ 42 ruin ruin VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 40 advcl _ _ 43 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 42 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 44 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | father | | the king | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP what S»: agent=Agent king=Recipient clause=Topic | | 2 | **force** | past · perfect · passive | | father | | | | | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic | | 3 | **run away** | to-infinitive | father *not said here* | | | | | away *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **spare** | past · perfect | father | the three birds | | | | | vn bill-54.5 «NP V NP NP.asset»: agent=Agent bird=Asset | | 5 | **join** | past · perfect | | the two soldiers | | | | | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent soldier=Patient | | 6 | **have** | past | the two soldiers | | | envy | | | tree rules | | 7 | **do** | participle | the two soldiers *not said here* | | | | | utmost *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 8 | **ruin** | to-infinitive | the two soldiers *not said here* | father | | | | | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 2435 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 83](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2435/21/83/) - next →: [sentence 85](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2435/21/85/) - ↑ back to [The Crimson Fairy Book, part 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2435/21/)