---
title: I stood watching them as if I was turned to stone, but there kept ri… — The Crimson Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: I stood watching them as if I was turned to stone, but there kept ringing in my ears the sound of the bells on the ram which led them.” Who acts: I, ram. A sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 26, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every claus
---

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# The Crimson Fairy Book, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 26, sentence 100

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I stood watching them as if I was turned to stone, but there kept ringing in my ears the sound of the bells on the ram which led them.”

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** I, ram · **What happens:** stand, watch, turn, keep, ring, lead · **To what, where:** sheep, I, stone, sound, ears

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 26. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, ram), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2435:26:100
# text = I stood watching them as if I was turned to stone, but there kept ringing in my ears the sound of the bells on the ram which led them.”
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	watching	watch	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
6	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	turned	turn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	advcl	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	15	expl	_	_
15	kept	keep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	parataxis	_	_
16	ringing	ring	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	15	xcomp	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	ears	ear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	bells	bell	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nmod	_	_
25	on	on	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	ram	ram	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
28	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	29	nsubj	_	_
29	led	lead	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	27	acl:relcl	_	_
30	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | past | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **watch** | gerund | I *not said here* | sheep |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 3 | **turn** | past · passive |  | I |  | stone |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: subject=Theme to stone=Trajectory |
| 4 | **keep** | participle |  |  |  | there |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **ring** | gerund |  | the sound of the bells |  | my ears |  | on the ram | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location sound=Theme |
| 6 | **lead** | past | the ram | sheep |  |  |  |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 2435 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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