---
title: As the youth stood watching them, not knowing what to do next, it ca… — The Crimson Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: As the youth stood watching them, not knowing what to do next, it came into his head that his father’s cow was put out to grass at no great distance; and he forthwith made such a noise that he quite frightened the oxen, who were easily persuaded to take the path he wished. Who acts: scamper, bull, o
---

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# The Crimson Fairy Book, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 26, sentence 115

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
As the youth stood watching them, not knowing what to do next, it came into his head that his father’s cow was put out to grass at no great distance; and he forthwith made such a noise that he quite frightened the oxen, who were easily persuaded to take the path he wished.

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**Who acts:** scamper, bull, oxen · **What happens:** stand, watch, not know, do, come, put out · **To what, where:** man, head, cow, noise, oxen, path

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This is a sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 26. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (scamper, bull, oxen), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2435:26:115
# text = As the youth stood watching them, not knowing what to do next, it came into his head that his father’s cow was put out to grass at no great distance; and he forthwith made such a noise that he quite frightened the oxen, who were easily persuaded to take the path he wished.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	youth	youth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
4	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	watching	watch	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	xcomp	_	_
6	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	knowing	know	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
10	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	12	obj	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
13	next	next	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
17	into	into	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
20	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
21	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	’s	's	PART	POS	_	22	case	_	_
24	cow	cow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nsubj:pass	_	_
25	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	aux:pass	_	_
26	put	put	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	advcl	_	_
27	out	out	ADP	RP	_	26	compound:prt	_	_
28	to	to	PART	TO	_	29	mark	_	_
29	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	advcl	_	_
30	at	at	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
31	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	33	det	_	_
32	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
33	distance	distance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	38	punct	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
36	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	38	nsubj	_	_
37	forthwith	forthwith	ADV	RB	_	38	advmod	_	_
38	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
39	such	such	DET	PDT	PronType=Ind	41	det:predet	_	_
40	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
41	noise	noise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	obj	_	_
42	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	45	mark	_	_
43	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	45	nsubj	_	_
44	quite	quite	ADV	RB	_	45	advmod	_	_
45	frightened	frighten	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	38	advcl	_	_
46	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	47	det	_	_
47	oxen	ox	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	45	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
48	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	52	punct	_	_
49	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	52	nsubj:pass	_	_
50	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	52	aux:pass	_	_
51	easily	easily	ADV	RB	_	52	advmod	_	_
52	persuaded	persuade	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	47	acl:relcl	_	_
53	to	to	PART	TO	_	54	mark	_	_
54	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	52	xcomp	_	_
55	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	56	det	_	_
56	path	path	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	54	obj	_	_
57	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	58	nsubj	_	_
58	wished	wish	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	56	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
59	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | past |  |  |  |  |  | as the youth | vn admire-31.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **watch** | gerund |  | man |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 3 | **not** **know** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 4 | **do** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | next *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality |
| 5 | **come** | past | scamper |  |  | youth's head |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into head=Initial\_Location |
| 6 | **put out** | past · passive |  | head's father's cow |  |  |  | at no great distance | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme at distance=Destination |
| 7 | **make** | past | bull | such noise |  |  |  | forthwith *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent noise=Product |
| 8 | **frighten** | past | bull | the oxen |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus ox=Experiencer |
| 9 | **persuade** | past · passive |  | the oxen |  |  |  | easily *property* | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: subject=Patient clause=Result |
| 10 | **take** | to-infinitive | the oxen *not said here* | the path |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent path=Theme |
| 11 | **wish** | past | bull | the path *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot path=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 2435 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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