---
title: Up this rock he climbed with great difficulty, and fastened the ram’… — The Crimson Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Up this rock he climbed with great difficulty, and fastened the ram’s head to the bushes with a cord, leaving only the tips of the horns with the bells visible. Who acts: son. A sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 26, with its dependency tree and the pra
---

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# The Crimson Fairy Book, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 26, sentence 88

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Up this rock he climbed with great difficulty, and fastened the ram’s head to the bushes with a cord, leaving only the tips of the horns with the bells visible.

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**Who acts:** son · **What happens:** climb, fasten, leave · **To what, where:** rock, head, tips

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This is a sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 26. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (son), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2435:26:88
# text = Up this rock he climbed with great difficulty, and fastened the ram’s head to the bushes with a cord, leaving only the tips of the horns with the bells visible.
1	Up	up	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
3	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	climbed	climb	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	fastened	fasten	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	ram	ram	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	’s	's	PART	POS	_	13	case	_	_
15	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	bushes	bush	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
19	with	with	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	cord	cord	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	leaving	leave	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	advcl	_	_
24	only	only	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	tips	tip	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obj	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	horns	horn	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	nmod	_	_
30	with	with	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	bells	bell	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	nmod	_	_
33	visible	visible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **climb** | past | son |  |  | this rock |  | with great difficulty | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme up rock=Trajectory |
| 2 | **fasten** | past | son *not said here* | the ram's head |  |  |  | to the bushes; with a cord | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP PP.co-patient PP.instrument»: agent=Agent head=Patient to bush=Co-Patient with cord=Instrument |
| 3 | **leave** | gerund | son *not said here* | the tips of the horns with the bells |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tip=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 2435 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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