---
title: “We have run through our fortune,” said Abu Nowas, “what are we to d… — The Crimson Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: “We have run through our fortune,” said Abu Nowas, “what are we to do now? Who acts: We, Abu. A sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 28, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Crimson Fairy Book, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 28, sentence 78

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“We have run through our fortune,” said Abu Nowas, “what are we to do now?

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**Who acts:** We, Abu · **What happens:** have, run, say, be, do · **To what, where:** fortune · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 28. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (We, Abu), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2435:28:78
# text = “We have run through our fortune,” said Abu Nowas, “what are we to do now?
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	ccomp	_	_
4	run	run	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	xcomp	_	_
5	through	through	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	fortune	fortune	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
10	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	Abu	Abu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
12	Nowas	Nowas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	10	ccomp	_	_
16	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
17	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	acl	_	_
20	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	19	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** *in a quote* | present | We |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **run** *in a quote* | participle | We *not said here* |  |  | our fortune |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through fortune=Trajectory |
| 3 | **say** *speech: ask* | past | Abu |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | we |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **do** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | Abu *not said here* |  |  |  | now |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 2435 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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