---
title: The king saw them approach with fear in his heart, for he did not kn… — The Crimson Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: The king saw them approach with fear in his heart, for he did not know if it might not be an enemy; but the prince rode up, and bowed low before him. Who acts: king, silver, heart, prince. A sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 3, with its dependency tree
---

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# The Crimson Fairy Book, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 3, sentence 44

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The king saw them approach with fear in his heart, for he did not know if it might not be an enemy; but the prince rode up, and bowed low before him.

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**Who acts:** king, silver, heart, prince · **What happens:** see, approach, not know, not be, ride up, bow · **To what, where:** silver, heart, enemy

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This is a sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, silver, heart, prince), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2435:3:44
# text = The king saw them approach with fear in his heart, for he did not know if it might not be an enemy; but the prince rode up, and bowed low before him.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	approach	approach	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	fear	fear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
13	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
14	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
15	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	16	advmod	_	_
16	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	parataxis	_	_
17	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
19	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
20	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	23	advmod	_	_
21	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	cop	_	_
22	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	enemy	enemy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	28	punct	_	_
25	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	prince	prince	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nsubj	_	_
28	rode	ride	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
29	up	up	ADP	RP	_	28	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
32	bowed	bow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	28	conj	_	_
33	low	low	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	32	advmod	_	_
34	before	before	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | the king | silver |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **approach** | infinitive | silver *not said here* |  |  | king's heart |  | with fear | vn confront-98 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with fear=Instrument |
| 3 | **not** **know** | past · do-support | king |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **not** **is a** *a condition, not said to happen* | might | heart | a enemy |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **ride up** | past | the prince |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **bow** | participle | the prince *not said here* |  |  |  | before king | low *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent before he=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 2435 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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