---
title: Before long the old king died, and Niels reigned after him; but whet… — The Crimson Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Before long the old king died, and Niels reigned after him; but whether his father and mother stayed with him, or went back to the moor in Jutland, or were sent to Rome in a carriage and four, is something that all the historians of his reign have forgotten to mention. Who acts: Niels, father, somet
---

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# The Crimson Fairy Book, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 31, sentence 19

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Before long the old king died, and Niels reigned after him; but whether his father and mother stayed with him, or went back to the moor in Jutland, or were sent to Rome in a carriage and four, is something that all the historians of his reign have forgotten to mention.

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**Who acts:** Niels, father, something, historians · **What happens:** long, die, reign, stay, go back, send · **To what, where:** old king, Rome, carriage, something

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This is a sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 31. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Niels, father, something, historians), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2435:31:19
# text = Before long the old king died, and Niels reigned after him; but whether his father and mother stayed with him, or went back to the moor in Jutland, or were sent to Rome in a carriage and four, is something that all the historians of his reign have forgotten to mention.
1	Before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	long	long	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	died	die	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	Niels	Niels	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	reigned	reign	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
11	after	after	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
14	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
15	whether	whether	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
16	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	_
20	stayed	stay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
21	with	with	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
24	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	conj	_	_
26	back	back	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
27	to	to	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	moor	moor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
30	in	in	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	Jutland	Jutland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
33	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
34	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	35	aux:pass	_	_
35	sent	send	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	conj	_	_
36	to	to	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
37	Rome	Rome	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	35	obl	_	_
38	in	in	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
39	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	carriage	carriage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	obl	_	_
41	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	42	cc	_	_
42	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	40	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	45	punct	_	_
44	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	45	cop	_	_
45	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	35	obl:agent	_	_
46	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	54	obj	_	_
47	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	49	det:predet	_	_
48	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	49	det	_	_
49	historians	historian	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	54	nsubj	_	_
50	of	of	ADP	IN	_	52	case	_	_
51	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	52	nmod:poss	_	_
52	reign	reign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	49	nmod	_	_
53	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	54	aux	_	_
54	forgotten	forget	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	45	acl:relcl	_	_
55	to	to	PART	TO	_	56	mark	_	_
56	mention	mention	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	54	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
57	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **long** | gerund |  | the old king |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **die** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 3 | **reign** | past | Niels |  |  |  | after king |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **stay** | past | Niels's father and mother |  |  |  |  | with Niels | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme with he=Location |
| 5 | **go back** | past | Niels's father and mother *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to the moor in Jutland *result* | vn convert-26.6.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient to moor=Result |
| 6 | **send** | past · passive | something |  | Rome | a carriage |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent to rome=Destination |
| 7 | **is a** | present |  | something |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 8 | **forget** | present · perfect | all historians of Niels's reign |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 9 | **not** **mention** *speech: other* | to-infinitive | all historians of Niels's reign *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 2435 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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