---
title: Then, turning to Labakan, he said: “There is an old proverb, ‘The co… — The Crimson Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Then, turning to Labakan, he said: “There is an old proverb, ‘The cobbler sticks to his last.’ Who acts: king, old proverb, cobbler. A sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 35, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Crimson Fairy Book, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 35, sentence 100

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Then, turning to Labakan, he said: “There is an old proverb, ‘The cobbler sticks to his last.’

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**Who acts:** king, old proverb, cobbler · **What happens:** turn, say, be, stick · **To what, where:** Labakan · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 35. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, old proverb, cobbler), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2435:35:100
# text = Then, turning to Labakan, he said: “There is an old proverb, ‘The cobbler sticks to his last.’
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	turning	turn	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	advcl	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Labakan	Labakan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
10	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	12	expl	_	_
12	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	advcl	_	_
13	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	proverb	proverb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	cobbler	cobbler	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
20	sticks	stick	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	ccomp	_	_
21	to	to	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | gerund | king *not said here* |  | Labakan |  | then |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to labakan=Result |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | king |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **be** *in a quote* | present | a old proverb |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **stick** *in a quote* | present | the cobbler |  |  |  |  | to king's last | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent to last=Co-Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 2435 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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