---
title: “It is I who must judge,” he said in tones of command; “and this mat… — The Crimson Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: “It is I who must judge,” he said in tones of command; “and this matter cannot be decided by women’s dreams, but by certain unmistakable signs. Who acts: madman, dreams, women. A sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 35, with its dependency tree and the pr
---

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# The Crimson Fairy Book, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 35, sentence 21

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“It is I who must judge,” he said in tones of command; “and this matter cannot be decided by women’s dreams, but by certain unmistakable signs.

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**Who acts:** madman, dreams, women · **What happens:** be, judge, say, not decide, intonate, dream · **To what, where:** I, tones, matter, command · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 35. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (madman, dreams, women), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2435:35:21
# text = “It is I who must judge,” he said in tones of command; “and this matter cannot be decided by women’s dreams, but by certain unmistakable signs.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
5	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
6	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	judge	judge	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	tones	tone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	command	command	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
17	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
19	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	20	det	_	_
20	matter	matter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nsubj:pass	_	_
21	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	24	advmod	_	_
23	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	aux:pass	_	_
24	decided	decide	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	conj	_	_
25	by	by	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
26	women	woman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	’s	's	PART	POS	_	26	case	_	_
28	dreams	dream	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
30	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
31	by	by	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
32	certain	certain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	_
33	unmistakable	unmistakable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	_
34	signs	sign	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | madman | I |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **judge** *in a quote* | must |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn estimate-34.2-1-1 «NP V whether/if S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past |  |  |  | tones of command |  |  | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent in tone=Manner |
| 4 | **not** **decide** *in a quote* | can · passive | women's dreams | this matter |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent subject=Topic |
| 5 | **intonate** |  |  | command |  |  |  |  | nom tone «communication transitive»: of=patient |
| 6 | **dream** *in a quote* |  | women |  |  |  |  |  | nom dream «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 2435 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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