---
title: One day he was standing looking at the mountain opposite, when he he… — The Crimson Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: One day he was standing looking at the mountain opposite, when he heard a kind of rumbling noise in the room behind him. Who acts: middle, kind. A sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 38, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Crimson Fairy Book, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 38, sentence 104

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One day he was standing looking at the mountain opposite, when he heard a kind of rumbling noise in the room behind him.

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**Who acts:** middle, kind · **What happens:** stand, look, hear, rumble · **To what, where:** kind, noise, room

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This is a sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 38. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (middle, kind), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2435:38:104
# text = One day he was standing looking at the mountain opposite, when he heard a kind of rumbling noise in the room behind him.
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:unmarked	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	standing	stand	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	looking	look	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	xcomp	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	mountain	mountain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	opposite	opposite	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	14	advmod	_	_
13	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
17	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
18	rumbling	rumble	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	16	acl	_	_
19	noise	noise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
23	behind	behind	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | past · progressive | middle |  |  |  | day |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **look** | gerund | middle *not said here* |  |  |  |  | at the mountain opposite | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at opposite=Theme |
| 3 | **hear** | past | middle | a kind |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer kind=Stimulus |
| 4 | **rumble** | gerund | a kind *not said here* | noise |  | the room behind middle |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location noise=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 2435 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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