---
title: The shepherd had to shut his staring eyes tight not to be dazzled wi… — The Crimson Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: The shepherd had to shut his staring eyes tight not to be dazzled with the brilliant pond, but still he said: Who acts: shepherd. A sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 4, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Crimson Fairy Book, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 4, sentence 20

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The shepherd had to shut his staring eyes tight not to be dazzled with the brilliant pond, but still he said:

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**Who acts:** shepherd · **What happens:** have, shut, not dazzle, say · **To what, where:** staring eyes · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (shepherd), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2435:4:20
# text = The shepherd had to shut his staring eyes tight not to be dazzled with the brilliant pond, but still he said:
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	shepherd	shepherd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	shut	shut	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
7	staring	staring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
9	tight	tight	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
12	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	dazzled	dazzle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	advcl	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	brilliant	brilliant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	pond	pond	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
19	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
20	still	still	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
21	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
22	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the shepherd |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **shut** | to-infinitive | the shepherd *not said here* | shepherd's staring eyes |  |  |  | tight *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent eye=Patient |
| 3 | **not** **dazzle** | to-infinitive · passive | the shepherd *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with the brilliant pond | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle» |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | shepherd |  |  |  | still |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 2435 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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