---
title: “Upon my word,” said he, “whoever dug and planted it must be good wo… — The Crimson Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: “Upon my word,” said he, “whoever dug and planted it must be good workmen. Who acts: king, whoever, word, my. A sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 4, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Crimson Fairy Book, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 4, sentence 68

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“Upon my word,” said he, “whoever dug and planted it must be good workmen.

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**Who acts:** king, whoever, word, my · **What happens:** say, dig, plant, be, word · **To what, where:** good workmen · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, whoever, word, my), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2435:4:68
# text = “Upon my word,” said he, “whoever dug and planted it must be good workmen.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
7	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	whoever	whoever	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	dug	dig	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	planted	plant	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
16	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
17	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	cop	_	_
18	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	workmen	workman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | king |  |  |  |  | upon my word | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **dig** *in a quote* | past | whoever |  |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **plant** *in a quote* | past | whoever *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is a** *in a quote* | must | word | good workmen |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **word** *in a quote* |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 2435 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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