---
title: He is not the first who has been a thief by trade and he will certai… — The Crimson Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: He is not the first who has been a thief by trade and he will certainly not be the last.” Who acts: Simon. A sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 5, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Crimson Fairy Book, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 5, sentence 148

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He is not the first who has been a thief by trade and he will certainly not be the last.”

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**Who acts:** Simon · **What happens:** not be, be · **To what, where:** thief

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This is a sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Simon), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2435:5:148
# text = He is not the first who has been a thief by trade and he will certainly not be the last.”
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
7	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
8	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	cop	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	thief	thief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	acl:relcl	_	_
11	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	trade	trade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
14	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
15	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
16	certainly	certainly	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
17	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	20	advmod	_	_
18	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	cop	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | present | Simon |  |  |  |  | first *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present · perfect |  | a thief |  |  |  | by trade | tree rules |
| 3 | **not** **is** | future | Simon |  |  |  |  | certainly, last *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 2435 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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