---
title: The shepherd trembled with fright, expecting every instant to be stu… — The Crimson Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: The shepherd trembled with fright, expecting every instant to be stung to death, and said: “What an unlucky man I am! Who acts: shepherd. A sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 6, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Crimson Fairy Book, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 6, sentence 13

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The shepherd trembled with fright, expecting every instant to be stung to death, and said: “What an unlucky man I am!

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**Who acts:** shepherd · **What happens:** tremble, expect, sting, say, be · **To what, where:** shepherd, instant, unlucky man · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (shepherd), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2435:6:13
# text = The shepherd trembled with fright, expecting every instant to be stung to death, and said: “What an unlucky man I am!
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	shepherd	shepherd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
3	trembled	tremble	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	fright	fright	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	expecting	expect	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
8	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
9	instant	instant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
11	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	stung	sting	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	advcl	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
19	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	What	what	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	23	det:predet	_	_
21	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	unlucky	unlucky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	ccomp	_	_
24	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
25	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tremble** | participle |  | the shepherd *not said here* |  |  |  | with fright | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **expect** | gerund |  | every instant |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent instant=Theme |
| 3 | **sting** | to-infinitive · passive |  |  |  |  |  | to death | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle» |
| 4 | **say** *speech: express* | past | the shepherd |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | the shepherd *= shepherd* | what unlucky man |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 2435 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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