--- title: The soldier saw them going down through the trap-door one after anot… — Grimms' Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics description: The soldier saw them going down through the trap-door one after another, the eldest leading the way; and thinking he had no time to lose, he jumped up, put on the cloak which the old woman had given him, and followed them; but in the middle of the stairs he trod on the gown of the youngest princess, --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/10/24/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Grimms' Fairy Tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/) / [The Twelve Dancing Princesses](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/10/) / 24 # Grimms' Fairy Tales, The Twelve Dancing Princesses, sentence 24 The soldier saw them going down through the trap-door one after another, the eldest leading the way; and thinking he had no time to lose, he jumped up, put on the cloak which the old woman had given him, and followed them; but in the middle of the stairs he trod on the gown of the youngest princess, and she cried out to her sisters, ‘All is not right; someone took hold of my gown.’ **Who acts:** soldier, hand, son, woman, All, someone · **What happens:** see, go down, lead, think, have, lose · **To what, where:** hand, way, cloak, old woman, son, middle · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The Twelve Dancing Princesses. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (soldier, hand, son, woman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg2591:10:24 # text = The soldier saw them going down through the trap-door one after another, the eldest leading the way; and thinking he had no time to lose, he jumped up, put on the cloak which the old woman had given him, and followed them; but in the middle of the stairs he trod on the gown of the youngest princess, and she cried out to her sisters, ‘All is not right; someone took hold of my gown.’ 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 soldier soldier NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 saw see VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 obj _ _ 5 going go VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 3 xcomp _ _ 6 down down ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 7 through through ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 9 trap trap NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 10 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 9 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 11 door door NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 compound _ _ 12 one one NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ 13 after after ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 another another DET DT PronType=Ind 12 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 15 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 17 eldest eld ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 18 advmod _ _ 18 leading lead VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 3 advcl _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl:unmarked _ SpaceAfter=No 21 ; ; PUNCT : _ 23 punct _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 23 thinking think VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 3 parataxis _ _ 24 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nsubj _ _ 25 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 23 ccomp _ _ 26 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 27 det _ _ 27 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obj _ _ 28 to to PART TO _ 29 mark _ _ 29 lose lose VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 27 acl _ SpaceAfter=No 30 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 31 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nsubj _ _ 32 jumped jump VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 33 up up ADP RP _ 32 compound:prt _ SpaceAfter=No 34 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 35 put put VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 32 conj _ _ 36 on on ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 cloak cloak NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 obl _ _ 39 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 44 obj _ _ 40 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 42 det _ _ 41 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 42 amod _ _ 42 woman woman NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 nsubj:pass _ _ 43 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 44 aux _ _ 44 given give VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 38 acl:relcl _ _ 45 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 44 iobj _ SpaceAfter=No 46 , , PUNCT , _ 48 punct _ _ 47 and and CCONJ CC _ 48 cc _ _ 48 followed follow VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 49 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 48 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 50 ; ; PUNCT : _ 59 punct _ _ 51 but but CCONJ CC _ 59 cc _ _ 52 in in ADP IN _ 54 case _ _ 53 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 54 det _ _ 54 middle middle NOUN NN Number=Sing 59 obl _ _ 55 of of ADP IN _ 57 case _ _ 56 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 57 det _ _ 57 stairs stair NOUN NNS Number=Plur 54 nmod _ _ 58 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 59 nsubj _ _ 59 trod tread VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 60 on on ADP IN _ 62 case _ _ 61 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 62 det _ _ 62 gown gown NOUN NN Number=Sing 59 obl _ _ 63 of of ADP IN _ 66 case _ _ 64 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 66 det _ _ 65 youngest young ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 66 amod _ _ 66 princess princess NOUN NN Number=Sing 62 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 67 , , PUNCT , _ 70 punct _ _ 68 and and CCONJ CC _ 70 cc _ _ 69 she she PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 70 nsubj _ _ 70 cried cry VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 59 parataxis _ _ 71 out out ADP RP _ 70 compound:prt _ _ 72 to to ADP IN _ 74 case _ _ 73 her her PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 74 nmod:poss _ _ 74 sisters sister NOUN NNS Number=Plur 70 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 75 , , PUNCT , _ 80 punct _ _ 76 ‘ ' PUNCT `` _ 80 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 77 All all DET DT PronType=Tot 80 nsubj _ _ 78 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 80 cop _ _ 79 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 80 advmod _ _ 80 right right ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 70 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 81 ; ; PUNCT , _ 83 punct _ _ 82 someone someone PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 83 nsubj _ _ 83 took take VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 84 hold hold NOUN NN Number=Sing 83 obj _ _ 85 of of ADP IN _ 87 case _ _ 86 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 87 nmod:poss _ _ 87 gown gown NOUN NN Number=Sing 84 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 88 . . PUNCT . _ 83 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 89 ’ ' PUNCT '' _ 83 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **see** | past | the soldier | hand | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **go down** | gerund | hand *not said here* | | | | | through the trap door one after another; down *property* | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme through one=Location | | 3 | **lead** | gerund | the soldier *not said here* | the way | | | | | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition | | 4 | **think** *speech: other* | gerund | | | | | | | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 5 | **have** | past | son | | | | time | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **lose** | to-infinitive | son *not said here* | | | | | | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **jump up** | past | son | | | | | | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 8 | **put** | participle | son *not said here* | | | the cloak | | | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent on cloak=Destination | | 9 | **give** | past · perfect · passive | | the old woman | son | | | | tree rules | | 10 | **follow** | past | the soldier *not said here* | hand | | | | | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | | 11 | **tread** | past | son | | | the middle of the stairs | | on the gown of the youngest princess | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in middle=Trajectory | | 12 | **cry out** *speech: express* | past | woman | | woman's sisters | | | | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to sister=Recipient | | 13 | **not** **is** | present | All | | | | | right *property* | tree rules | | 14 | **take** | past | someone | hold of my gown | | | | | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hold=Theme | | 15 | **hold** | | | my gown | | | | | nom hold «act transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/10/23/) - next →: [sentence 25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/10/25/) - ↑ back to [The Twelve Dancing Princesses](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/10/)