---
title: And the willow-wren summoned everything which flew in the air, not o… — Grimms' Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: And the willow-wren summoned everything which flew in the air, not only birds, large and small, but midges, and hornets, bees and flies had to come. Who acts: willow wren, midges. A sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The Willow-wren and the Bear, with its dependency tree and the pragm
---

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# Grimms' Fairy Tales, The Willow-wren and the Bear, sentence 19

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the willow-wren summoned everything which flew in the air, not only birds, large and small, but midges, and hornets, bees and flies had to come.

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**Who acts:** willow wren, midges · **What happens:** summon, fly, have, come · **To what, where:** everything, birds, air

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This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The Willow-wren and the Bear. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (willow wren, midges), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2591:12:19
# text = And the willow-wren summoned everything which flew in the air, not only birds, large and small, but midges, and hornets, bees and flies had to come.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
3	willow	willow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	wren	wren	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
6	summoned	summon	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	everything	everything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	6	obj	_	_
8	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	flew	fly	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	16	advmod	_	_
15	only	only	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
22	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
23	midges	midge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	hornets	hornet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
28	bees	bee	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	conj	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	flies	fly	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	conj	_	_
31	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
32	to	to	PART	TO	_	33	mark	_	_
33	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	31	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **summon** | participle | the willow wren *not said here* | everything |  |  |  |  | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent everything=Recipient |
| 2 | **fly** | past | the willow wren | birds |  | the air |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in air=Location |
| 3 | **have** | past | midges and hornets and bees and flies |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **come** | to-infinitive | midges and hornets and bees and flies *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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