---
title: ‘But we must make a provision for winter, or else we shall suffer fr… — Grimms' Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: ‘But we must make a provision for winter, or else we shall suffer from hunger,’ said the cat; ‘and you, little mouse, cannot venture everywhere, or you will be caught in a trap some day.’ Who acts: we, you. A sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Cat and Mouse in Partnership, with its de
---

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# Grimms' Fairy Tales, Cat and Mouse in Partnership, sentence 2

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
‘But we must make a provision for winter, or else we shall suffer from hunger,’ said the cat; ‘and you, little mouse, cannot venture everywhere, or you will be caught in a trap some day.’

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**Who acts:** we, you · **What happens:** make, suffer, say, not venture, catch · **To what, where:** provision, hunger, cat, you, trap · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Cat and Mouse in Partnership. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2591:14:2
# text = ‘But we must make a provision for winter, or else we shall suffer from hunger,’ said the cat; ‘and you, little mouse, cannot venture everywhere, or you will be caught in a trap some day.’
1	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
3	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	ccomp	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	provision	provision	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
12	else	else	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
13	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
14	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	suffer	suffer	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
16	from	from	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	hunger	hunger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
20	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
24	‘	‘	PUNCT	:	_	33	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
26	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	33	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
28	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	mouse	mouse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
31	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	33	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	33	advmod	_	_
33	venture	venture	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	parataxis	_	_
34	everywhere	everywhere	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	33	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
36	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	40	cc	_	_
37	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	40	nsubj:pass	_	_
38	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	40	aux	_	_
39	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	40	aux:pass	_	_
40	caught	catch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	33	advcl	_	_
41	in	in	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
42	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	43	det	_	_
43	trap	trap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	obl	_	_
44	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	45	det	_	_
45	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	33	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	33	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | must | we | a provision |  |  | winter |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent provision=Product |
| 2 | **suffer** | shall | we |  |  | hunger |  | else *property* | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past |  | the cat |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **not** **venture** | can | you |  |  |  |  | everywhere *property* | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **catch** | future · passive |  | you |  | a trap | day |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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